Having never owned a SRAM drivetrain I'm not so familiar with their line....
What exactly does the 'Eagle' designation mean?
(lighter?)
(... mtn bike specific?)
Yes, MTB-specific 12-sp.
.... so what is stopping punters from buying, say, the X1 1x12 (non eagle) system for example? Is it still a 1x?.
What's stopping people buying a non-Eagle 1x12 is the fact that there is no such thing; everything with a "1" suffix is 1x, everything without an Eagle tag is at most 11-sp.
In terms of line-up, SRAM's ranking is:
XX 2x10/XX1 1x11/XX1 Eagle 1x12 at the top tech level
X0 (that's a zero, not letter o)3x9 & 2/3x10/X01 1x11/X01Eagle 1x12
Then it gets funny from here down.....
X9 numbering is used for 9 & 10-sp. systems, but the same tech level becomes X1 for 11 & 12-sp.
X7 3x9 & 2/3x10/GX 1x11/GX Eagle 1x12
X5 3x9 & 2/3x10/NX 1x11/NX Eagle 1x12
X4 3x9
X3 3x8
X5/NX is pretty ordinary; X4 & X3 are dreadful.
If GX Eagle is roughly equivalent to SLX 1x11 (?)... and the price jump from SLX to XT is not huge.... I wonder why SRAM have such a big price jump from GX Eagle to X-whatever Eagle?
Cassette manufacture primarily. SRAM's higher-spec cassettes are machined out of a single blob of steel with the exception ofthe two extreme sprockets. This is much more expensive manufacturing, so the cost has to get passed on to the consumer. Shimano cassettes use a more traditional method of producing each sprocket separately, then pinning them together, so even with the use of titanium at XTR level they're cheaper to manufacture. Shimano also share a fair few bits between XT & SLX groups, which contributes to the lower price difference.
The traditional correlation was X0 = XTR, X9 = XT, X7 = LX/SLX (the way SRAM presented that was that when viewed upside-down, "X7" read as "LX", and everything else extended from there), X5 = Deore & so on down the ranks, but where there are certain parallels at the higher end, I'd rate Shimano's middle & lower-grade stuff better by a decent whack. But when XX came in at the top of SRAM's heap, X0 became a kind of in between step, better than equvalent to XT, but not as good as XTR